WATER AND HEALTH - Table of Contents
WATER AND HEALTH
W. O. K. Grabow, University of Pretoria, South Africa
Public Health Impact of Water-Related Diseases
Control of Water-Related Diseases
CLASSIFICATION OF WATER-RELATED DISEASE
R Stanwell-Smith, Royal Institute of Public Health, UK
Definitions and Systems for Classifying Water Related Disease
DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES THAT MEET TREATMENT AND INDICATOR SPECIFICATIONS
Pierre Payment, INRS - Institut Armand-Frappier, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Canada.
Indicators of water quality and public health
Public health surveillance of waterborne disease
Epidemiologic studies of endemic waterborne disease
Etiology and causes of endemic water-attributable disease
BURDEN OF DISEASE: CURRENT SITUATION AND TRENDS
Annette Prüss-Üstün, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Lorna Fewtrell, Centre for Research into Environment and Health, Crewe, UK
TRANSMISSION AND PREVENTION OF WATER-RELATED DISEASES
J.T. Macy and R.E. Quick, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA
GOALS OF WATER TREATMENT AND DISINFECTION: REDUCTION IN MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY
Pierre Payment, INRS- Institut Armand-Frappier, Institut National de la recherche scientifique, Canada
Piped Water networks and Waterborne Disease
Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Illnesses
Drinking Water Associated Morbidity and Mortality
Water Treatment: Control of Pathogens
Health Effects of Drinking Water: Observations and Causes
Management of Health Risk Through Water Treatment
Hazard Analysis and Control at Critical Points (HACCP)
Efficacy of Some Water Treatment Processes
NEW AND EMERGING WATERBORNE INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Louis H. Nel and Wanda Markotter, Department of Microbiology and Plant pathology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
New, Emerging, Re-emerging and Resurgent Infectious Diseases
HEALTH IMPACT AND ECONOMIC COSTS OF POOR WATER AND SANITATION
Guy Hutton, Water and Sanitation Program, World Bank, USA
Economic Costs of Poor Water and Sanitation
Impact on Households Afflicted with Disease
Other Impacts on Households of Improving Water and/or Sanitation Facilities
Impact on Industry, Agriculture and Private Enterprise
Global Estimates of Economic Costs of Poor Water and Sanitation
Global Estimates of Economic Benefits of Improved Water and Sanitation
INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES IN THE DELIVERY OF WATER AND SANITATION SERVICES
Michael Rouse, Independent International Advisor and Distinguished Research Associate, University of Oxford, UK
Key Elements for Sustainable Water Services
Barriers to Sustainable Water Services
ZOONOSES ACQUIRED THROUGH DRINKING WATER
R. M. Chalmers, UK Cryptosporidium Reference Unit, NPHS Microbiology Swansea, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, UK
General Issues of Zoonotic Disease Acquired through Drinking Water
EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES OF DISINFECTANTS AND DISINFECTANT BY-PRODUCTS
Gunther F. Craun, Gunther F. Craun & Associates Staunton, Virginia, USA
Rebecca L. Calderon, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
Adverse Reproductive and Developmental Outcomes
HEALTH EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES
John Fawell, Independent Consultant on Drinking Water and Environment, UK
Adriana D Hulsmann, Kiwa Water Research, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
Contaminants Introduced in Drinking Water Treatment
Materials Used in Contact with Drinking Water
Naturally Occurring Chemical Contaminants
UNCONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY
P.E.Odendaal, Consultant, Pretoria, South Africa; Former Executive Director, South African Water Research Commission; Former President, International Water Association.
Factors Promoting Water Reclamation
Health Considerations in Water Reclamation
Applications of Water Reclamation
Environmental and Recreational Reuse
Vapor Compression Distillation
POINT-OF-USE WATER TREATMENT FOR HOME AND TRAVEL
Joseph A. Cotruvo, Joseph Cotruvo & Associates LLC; Washington, D.C., USA, and WHO/NSF Collaborating Centre for Drinking Water Safety and Treatment, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Mark D. Sobsey, University of North Carolina, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Potential Solutions for Small Communities
TREATMENT AND SAFE STORAGE OF WATER IN HOUSEHOLDS WITHOUT PIPED SUPPLIES OF TREATED WATER
Thomas F. Clasen, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
QUANTIFYING HEALTH RISKS IN WASTEWATER IRRIGATION
D.D. Mara, School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, UK
Quantitative Microbial Risk Analysis
IMPACTS OF EUTROPHICATION ON THE SAFETY OF DRINKING- AND RECREATIONAL WATER
Jennifer L. Davis and Glen Shaw, School of Public Health, Griffith University, Meadowbrook, Queensland, Australia
Health Implications of Eutrophication from Consumption and Recreational Exposure
GROUNDWATER AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Jack F. Schijven, Microbiological Laboratory for Health Protection, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, The Netherlands
Marylynn V. Yates, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
Subsurface Behavior of Viruses
Factors Affecting Attachment of Viruses to Soil
Factors Affecting Virus Inactivation in the Subsurface
Advection and Dispersion of Viruses
AQUACULTURE AND MARICULTURE
Gail E. Greening, Communicable Disease Group, Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd, Porirua, New Zealand
Gillian D. Lewis, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Sources of Fecal Contamination Impacting Water Quality
Pathogens Contaminating Molluskan Shellfish and Growing Waters
RECREATION IN NATURAL WATER RESOURCES
R. M. McNinch, Center for Water Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
S. Singh, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
J. B. Rose, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Department of Crops and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
Guidelines and Standards for Monitoring
Reservoirs of Fecal Pollution and Toxins
DRY SANITATION TECHNOLOGIES - CAN THEY BE SUSTAINABLE?
JN Bhagwan, Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa
Challenges Posed in the Up-scaling of Onsite Dry Sanitation Systems
Implications of Research Findings on Long Term Sustainability of VIPs
CONSTRAINTS TO IMPROVING WATER AND SANITATION SERVICES
M. von Sperling, Senior Lecturer, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Current Status of Water Supply and Sanitation Coverage in the World
HUMAN HEALTH IN WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT
Wim van der Hoek, International Water Management Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka
The Burden of Water-related Diseases
Vector Borne Diseases Associated With Water Resources Development
TOXIC CYANOBACTERIA
Jennifer L. Davis and Glen Shaw, School of Public Health, Griffith University, Meadowbrook, Queensland, Australia
Human Health Effects from Cyanobacteria
MULTIPLE USES OF WATER AND HUMAN HEALTH
Wim van der Hoek, International Water Management Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka
Water for People, Food, and the Environment: a Common Resource
Human Health: a Cross Cutting Issue in Water Resources Development
Limitations to Conventional Approaches in the Domestic Water Supply Sector
Domestic Use of Irrigation Water
Newly Emerging Water Quality Problems
Impact of Irrigation Management on Availability of Water for Domestic Use
HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT
L. Fewtrell, Centre for Research into Environment and Health, Aberystwyth University, Wales
G. R. Krieger, NewFields, Denver, Colorado, USA
J. Utzinger, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Swiss Tropical Institute, Basel, Switzerland
Definitions of Health and Health Impact Assessment
SAFE DRINKING WATER IN THE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY: PRIORITIES FOR PUBLIC HEALTH
Timothy E Ford, University of New England, Maine, USA
WATER SAFETY PLANS FOR WATER TECHNOLOGIES
S. Godfrey, Water and Environmental Sanitation Specialist, UNICEF, India
S. Wate, Environmental Impact Risk Assessment Division, NEERI, India
P. Labhasetwar, NEERI, India
Application of Water Safety Plans
HYGIENE PROMOTION
Hubley J., Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds, United Kingdom
Planning and implementation of hygiene promotion
Monitoring and evaluation of hygiene promotion
ECONOMICS AND FINANCING IN THE WATER SECTOR
Renato Parena, Chief Financial Officer, Gruppo Società Metropolitana Acque Torino Spa, Torino, Italy
Impacts of Water Scarcity and Externalities Costs
MONITORING DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES
James K. Bartram, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Guy Howard, Department for International Development, Glasgow, UK
MICROBIOLOGICAL WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT (CATCHMENT TO TAP)
J.E. Burgess, Research Manager: Water Treatment Technology, Water Research Commission, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
B.I. Pletschke, Senior Lecturer and Head of Biochemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Republic of South Africa
ROLE OF WATER REUSE IN MANAGEMENT OF URBAN WATER RESOURCES
J.C. Radcliffe, Honorary Research Fellow, CSIRO Australia, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064
Uses for recycled water in the Urban Environment
THE USES OF RECYCLED WATER
J.C. Radcliffe, Honorary Research Fellow, CSIRO Australia, Glen Osmond, South Australia
Domestic Non Human Consumption Urban Use
Indirect Potable (Drinking Water) Use
COMING TO TERMS WITH NATURE: WATER REUSE NEW PARADIGM TOWARDS INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
B. Jimenez-Cisneros, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Towards an integral definition of water reuse
How to overcome people’s fear of reused water
What we know about natural water reuse
HELMINTH OVA CONTROL IN WASTEWATER AND SLUDGE FOR AGRICULTURAL REUSE
B. E. Jimenez-Cisneros, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico
Helminth Ova in Wastewater and Sludge
Helminth Ova Removal from Wastewater
Helminth Ova Inactivation in Sludge